One third of the worlds agricultural soils, or roughly 2 billion hectares of land, was reported as being affected by soil. Erosion processes and soil conservation technology soil erosion takes place when particles of soil are detached and then transported to a different place. Apes soil conservation techniques flashcards quizlet. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Soil and water conservation soil erosion free course. Soil management inappropriate land use activities often cause changes in soil conditions, which in turn contribute to soil erosion.
The causes of soil erosion can be natural or manmade. Soil erosion is the detachment, transport and deposition of soil particles on land surface. Soil erosion, and consequently the need for conservation, is not confined to land under. Test your understanding of soil erosion and its causes. This cost is calculated with reference to the crop productivity, land use intensity, change in cropping patterns etc. Soil conservation definition of soil conservation by the. Secrets in the soil lessons, exercises, and handson activities about causes of erosion and ways to reduce erosion. Assessment of soil erosion severities and conservation effects on reduction of soil loss. The program helps landowners address existing soil erosion, water quality and other. Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. Soil management is to create optimum conditions for plant growth through improved soil fertility and structure. The erosion of siwaliks has been studied by glover and hamilton 1935 and gorrie 1951 and various methods have been suggested for soil conservation. Prevention of soil erosion is also called conservation of soil. It encompasses physical soil erosion, chemical salinity and alkalinity, pollution and biological deterioration pollution and.
Soil conservation is the prevention of loss of the top most layer of the soil from erosion or prevention of reduced fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil contamination slashandburn and other unsustainable methods of subsistence farming are practiced in some lesser developed areas. Pdf socioeconomic factors in soil erosion and conservation. Ppt soil erosion and conservation powerpoint presentation. Excessive soil erosion in india combined with consequent high rate of sedimentation in reservoirs and decreased soil fertility has led to grave environmental problems. Thus, soil and water conservation practices are becoming increasingly important in the arid and semiarid. Soil erosion and conservation farming has been the basis of new zealands economy, and soil is the basis of farming. Impact of soil conservation measures on erosion control and soil. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the farmers perception on soil erosion and their use of structural soil conservation measures. Process by which soil particles are removed, transported and deposited rate of removal of soil greater than rate of. The term conservation tillage represents a broad spectrum of tillage systems. Soil conservation lab allow your students to experience soil conservation in a handson way. Pdf soil is the most fundamental and basic natural resource for all life. In addition to improving soil fertility, water harvesting, enhancing the soilwater retention capacity and reducing soil erosion are measures that could significantly improve agricultural productivity in rainfed marginal environments. Fundamental of soil water conservation and engineering.
A soils texture affects its stability and susceptibility to erosion and water absorbing and holding capabilities as well as other properties. Land degradation, soil erosion and soil conservation pmf ias. Download soil erosion conservation and rehabilitation pdfepub, mobi ebooks without registration on our website. Soil erosion mostly affects practically all kinds of lands such as the forest lands, agricultural lands, arid and semiarid lands, surface mines, roads, construction sites, coastal areas etc. Soil texture is classified by the size of the mineral particles measured in millimeters. Soil degradation is a global environmental problem which started since the innovation of agriculture by human kind. Sustainable production implies that agricultural practices. Interculturing operations will kill weeds and soil mulches help the plants to be rooted firmly in the soil.
Sos 520 principle of soil conservation and management. Soil erosion and conservation in india geography and you. Soil is the most fundamental and basic natural resource for all life to survive. Land degradation soil degradation is the decline in soil quality caused by its improper use, usually for agricultural, pastoral, industrial or urban purposes.
Pdf soil erosion and conservation download full pdf book. The most important impacts of accelerated soil erosion include the decrease in. The problem of torrent erosion, in both the foothilla of the northern. Soil erosion and conservation te ara encyclopedia of new. Jun 06, 2008 soil erosion and soil conservation slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The usle has been used in more than 100 countries to guide conservation planning, assess soil erosion for conservation policy development, and estimate sediment yield. Soil conservation is a set of management strategies for prevention of soil being eroded from the earths surface. Erosion and conservation the soil is the one indestructible, immutable asset that the nation possesses. Solved examples with detailed answer description, explanation are given and it would be easy to understand. Besides human activity like deforestation, overgrazing, mining, soils are degraded by nature during drought or floods.
Class10 cbse board soil erosion and conservation learnnext offers animated video lessons with neatly explained examples, study material, free ncert solutions, exercises and tests. Instant access to millions of titles from our library and its free to try. The universal soil loss equation usle is hailed as one of the most significant developments in soil and water conservation in the 20 thcentury. Soil erosion and conservation available for download and read online in other formats. Soil management is to create optimum conditions for. Manual of reforestation mad, erosion control for the philippines. Study and use of surveying and leveling instruments. Soil conservation is the practice of protecting the soil against erosion or deterioration.
Soil conservation services were subsequently set up in a number of countries in africa and in australia, new zealand, and india. Soil erosion and soil conservation linkedin slideshare. Crop residue is the old plant material that remains in the. Recently pun 1949 1954 analyzed the problems from different angles and suggested that soil should be kept wider tree vegetation in order to check erosional losses and landslides. Soil erosion and conservation resource and development. Farmers plant trees and grass to cover and bind the soil. Soil erosion is prevented or reduced to a tolerable level, and water is conserved for judicious utilization. Soil erosion demonstration demonstration of how different ground cover affects soil runoff. Cs free subsoil incorporated by the annual ploughing. Plants prevent wind and water erosion by covering the soil and binding the soil with their roots. Either way, soil erosion has a negative impact on agriculture and on the environment. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice glaciers, snow, air wind, plants, animals, and humans. When soil erodes, it makes land less productive, and can lead to floods, slips and damage to infrastructure and property. T value tolerable erosion equilibrium between soil gains and losses.
The soil erosion can be prevented by the following ways. To conserve soil resources, the kapirriggama cascade. Download soil erosion and conservation pdfepub, mobi ebooks without registration on our website. The book deals with several aspects of soil erosion, focusing on its connection with the agricultural world. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Soil erosion, use of chemical pesticides and herbicides, unsustainable agricultural practices, excessive farming, water pollution and land pollution are some of the aspects upsetting the natural functions of the soil. Two cake pans enough soil to fill the cake pans a 2 x 4 piece of wood or another item to set the pans on at an angle sprinkle can or spray bottle a few handfuls of straw, grass clippings, leaves, or other plant material newspapers activity description. Download pdf soil erosion conservation and rehabilitation. The actual art of soil conservation is based on certain basic principles which include. Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all landforms. Information bulletin 7 activities 9 activity questions 10. This handbook explains the causes, processes, and consequences of soil erosion and depletion, and describes the major soil and waterconservation measures which, when applied to the land in correct combinations, will greatly reduce or prevent soil erosion, improve fertility, and increase yields. Pdf soil erosion and conservation download full pdf. Soil conservation is about solving the problems of land degradation.
Thus, whenever trees are cut down new trees should be planted. Wind erosion damages the soil by physically removing the most fertile part, lowering waterholding capacity, degrading soil structure, and increasing soil variability across a. The data for this studywas collected via interviewees, key informants and field observations. Soil erosion and conservation worksheet teaching resources. It has helped to save millions of tons of soil, thus helping to the feed the worlds population, and to protect the environment from sediment produced by soil erosion. Runoff washes away the soil particles from sloping. Soil erosion definition the removal of the top soil cover by water, wind and human activities is called soil erosion. Some of the methods that must be adopted for conserving soil are as follows. This handbook explains the causes, processes, and consequences of soil erosion and depletion, and describes the major soil and water conservation measures which, when applied to the land in correct combinations, will greatly reduce or prevent soil erosion, improve fertility, and increase yields. Every year india loses up to 68 billion rupees according to the national remote sensing agency nrsa. Soil conservation terraced crop fields rangeland soil conservation soil protection for cropland erosion barriers help in soil conservation 2. Soil and water conservation soil erosion free course alison. The awkwardness of the manual solution prompted a computer solu. You will first learn about soil erosion from the mechanics, causes and types of soil erosion, as well as various factors affecting soil erosion and the.
The influence of human activities on the landscape has traditionally been deleterious, but this trend seems to have recently reversed in some parts of the country following the. Soil erosion in our country is a serious threat to both the irrigated and rainfed areas. State cost share kentucky energy and environment cabinet. The kentucky soil erosion and water quality cost share program and the kentucky soil stewardship program were created to help agricultural operations protect the soil and water resources of kentucky and to implement their agriculture water quality plans. Download pdf soil erosion and conservation ebook free.
Soil degradation is a serious global environmental problem and may be exacerbated by climate change. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Soil conservation includes all those measures which help in protecting the soil from erosion and exhaustion. The overall current soil erosion rates are highly variable and large by international standards, and sheet, rill, and gully erosion are the dominant processes. Class 10 cbse board soil erosion and conservation videos. A sequel to the deforestation is typically large scale erosion. Soil erosion has been continuing over, such a large part of india. It is the one resource that cannot be exhausted, that cannot be used up. Soil conservation practices control wind or water erosion by limiting soil particle detachment and transportation. Pdf the primary source to meet global food and fiber demands is production agriculture, but. What is soil conservation and what are various ways to.
The best choice of plants to prevent soil erosion are herbs, wild flowers and small trees. Water and wind erosion are two main agents that degrade soils. The free online course, soil and water conservation engineering introduction to soil erosion, will give you a better understanding of soil and water conservation practices and problems. Soil conservation and management in developing countries. Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, it is one form of soil degradation. Wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land known as wind erosion. Download pdf soil erosion and conservation book full free. Hope you enjoyed our video lecture which covers the following topics. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Alternatively growing a cereal and a legume in the same field will not only increase the yield, but also increase the fertility of the soil. Hello students i am here with one more important informative video on questionanswer of chapter soil erosion and conservation. In this lab activity students design, construct, and test soil conservation structures or practices in an effort to reduce soil erosion. Soil erosion and conservation general knowledge questions. Ppt soil conservation powerpoint presentation free to.
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